Bihar Board Class 9th Science Book Solutions विज्ञान Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill NCERT पर आधारित Text Book Questions and Answers Notes, pdf, Summary, व्याख्या, वर्णन में बहुत सरल भाषा का प्रयोग किया गया है.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill
Question 1.
State any two conditions essential for good health.
Answer:
(i) A person can be said healthy only when he is free from diseases.
(ii) The person should be free from mentals tension and social problems because, only the – person who is physically, mentally and socially fit, is called healthy.
Question 2.
State any onditions essential for being free of diseases.
Answer:
(i) Personal and community cleanliness and good environment are essential for being free of diseases.
(ii) Sufficient and balanced food is also essential to keep body free of diseases.
Question 3.
Are the answers to the above questions necessarily the same or different ? Why ?
Answer:
Both the questions have different answers. Because, by the term ‘health’ we mean the mental, physical and social health of the person while, to be free of diseases refers only to the physical health. Hence, these are different.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill
Page 180
Question 1.
List any three reasons why you would think that you are sick and ought to seek a doctor. If only one of these symptoms were present, would you still go to the doctor ? Why or why not ?
Answer:
Some general symptoms –
(i) Headache
(ii) Cough
(iii) Dysentery.
If any of the above symptoms is observed, the person should immediately contact the doctor.
Cause : Any of the symptoms can be the cause of disease. If these are ignored, the person may have to face a dangerous situation.
Question 2.
In which of the following case do you time the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant ?
If you get jaundice
if you get lice
if you get a acne. Why ?
Answer:
In Jaundice because, it is a chronic disease whichmay stay for a long-time.
Page 187
Question 1.
Why are we normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick?
Answer:
During infection, the immune power of the body decreases. So, to maintain the immune power we are suggested to take sufficient and easily digestable food.
Question 2.
What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread ?
Answer:
Following are the means of spread of diseases –
By air : By sneezing and coughing, the microbes spread into the air and enter the body of healthy man.
By water : The microbes enter our body by drinking polluted and contaminated water.
By sexual contact : Some disease like AIDS, spread by sexual contact with infected person.
By vectors : Some organisms like female anopheles mosquito also work as the vector of disease causing agent and hence spread diseases.
Question 3.
What precautions can you take in your school to’ reduce the incidence of infectious diseases ?
Answer:
By preventing gathering of people.
By making available clean and fresh drinking water.
By keeping ground and class rooms clean.
By using handkerchief to cover mouth while sneezing or coughing.
By preventing accumulation of water inland -around the school.
By using vaccines and immunisation.
By keeping the toilet clean.
By avoiding the use of uncovered food and fruits.
Question 4.
What is immunisation ?
Answer:
When a vaccine is used to kill the microbes of prevent their entry into the body, the immune power of the body improves. So, the process of developing immune power in the body to fight against the diseases is called immunisation.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill
Question 5.
What are the immunisation programmes available at the nearest health centre in your locality ? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area ?
Answer:
Immunisation programmes:
Vaccine against measles.
BCG vaccines against T.B.
Polio drops against poliomyletes.
Vaccine against small pox.
Vaccine against.
D.P.T. vaccines against diptheria, tetanus and whooping cough.
Fallowing diseases are the major problems –
Hepatitis
Small pox
Tuberculosis
Tetanus
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill Textbook Questions and Answers
Question 1.
How many times did you fall ill last year ? What were the illness ?
(a) Think of any change you could make in your habits in order to avoid any of/most of the above illnesses.
(b) Think of one change you would wish for in your surroundings in order to avoid any oil most of the above illnesses.
Answer:
Three times –
(i) Malaria
(ii) Dysentery
(iii) Viral fever
(a) Change in daily routine
(i) Cleaning our body
(ii) to prevent the growth and reproduction of mosquito
(iii) Spraying insecticides
(iv) taking balanced diet.
(b) Change in surrounding To prevent accumulation of garbage and dirty water and to keep the surrounding clean.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill
Question 2.
A doctor/nurse/health-worker is exposed to more sick people than others in the community. Find Out how she/he avoids getting sick herself/ himself.
Answer:
Doctors/nurses/health workers fall sick more frequently than others. They can keep themselves safe by –
cleaning their hands after checking up the ‘ patients .
using mask during checking up the patients
avoiding direct physical contact with patients
avoiding sexual contact with patients
avoiding taking meal with patients
taking balanced diet.
Question 3.
Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find out what the three most common diseases are. Suggest three steps that could be taken by ‘ your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.
Answer:
The three common diseases are –
Dysentery.
Malaria.
Viral fever or jaundice.
Precautions :
Keep the surrounding and environment clean.
Regular cleaning of sewage line and proper exit of sewage water.
lb destroy the places of mosquito breeding.
To spray chemicals and fumants to kill mosquitoes.
Question 4.
A baby is not able to tell her/his caretakers that she/he is sick. What would help us to find out
(a) that the baby is sick ?
(b) what is the sickness ?
Answer:
(a) Some particular symptoms e.g., cough, dysentery, etc. indicate that child is sick.
(b) (i) Every disease has its own particular symptoms which tell us about the disease.
(ii) By carrying tests in the laboratory, the disease can be diagnosed.
Question 5.
Under which of the following conditions is a person most likely to fall sick ?
(а) when she is recovering from malaria.
(b) when she has recovered from malaria and ‘ is taking care of someone suffering from chicken-pox.
(c) when she is on a four-day fast after recovering from malaria and is taking care ; of someone suffering from chicken-pox. Why?
Answer:
(ii) When after recovering back from malaria she is taking care of a person suffering from small pox.
Reason : (i) due to unavailability of sufficient and balanced diet and weakened immune system.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill
Question 6.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick ?
(а) when you are taking examinations.
(b) when you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(c) when your friend is suffering from measles. Why ?
Answer:
(c) When my friend is suffering from measles.
Reason : In this condition, I will frequently visit my friends address. Measles is an air – borne disease. When my friend coughs or sneezes, small drops from his mouth containing microbes mix in the air. The microbes may none be carried away by air. So, the chance of getting infected increases. Hence, in this case I may fall severely sick.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill Textbook Activities
Activity 13.1
Question 1.
How many of these ways we can think of are events that would occur when the disaster is actually happening?
Answer:
(i) Diseases caused due to shortage of drinking water.
(ii) Health affected by the shortage of food.
(iii) Diseases caused to due sanitary problems.
(iv) Health affected due to unavailabilities of shelter.
Question 2.
How many of these health- related events would happen long after the actual disaster, but would still be because of the disaster?
Answer:
(i) Diseases caused due to accumulation of dirty water e.g., malaria.
(ii) Spread of water borne diseases like cholera, dysentry etc.
(iii) Diseases caused due to rotting things in the debris.
Question 3.
Why would one effect on health fall into the first group, and why would another fall into the second group?
Answer:
This is because the diseases or the effect on health which are placed in the first group are caused immediately after the”the disaster takes place. But, the effect or diseases in the second group, however are ultimately due to disaster, but takes time to take place.
Activity 13.2
(i) Find out what provisions are made by your local authority (panchayat/municipal corporation) for the supply of clean drinking water.
(ii) Are all people in your locality able to access this
Answer:
(i) Our Panchayat her made following provision for the supply of clean drinking water :
- A new well is dug as an alternate source of water ; for the villagers.
- Old well is also cleaned periodically. That assure the supply of clean drinking water.
- Arrangements for the visit of inspectors from water departments are made. They instruct villagers on how to keep water borne-diseases and infections away and they also check the quality of water in.the two wells.
(ii) Yes, all people in my locality are able to access the clean drinking water.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill
Activity 13.3
Find out how your local authority mangers the solid waste generated in your neighbourhood.
Are these measures adequate ?
If not, what improvements would you suggest ?
What could your family do to reduce the amount of solid waste generated during a day/ week ?
Answer:
(i) Solid waste generated in our neighbourhood is taken away by the local authorities in big trucks. Later they put this solid waste into-huge waste treatment plants. These plants reduce the toxivity of this waste. And after that the waste is thrown or burnt by the authorities.
(ii) I think there measures are inadequate.
(iii) My suggestions are as under :
- The treated or in toxic solid waste shoudn’t be thrown away in open. It can be the home of dedly viruses that my infect people with chronic diseases.
- There should be recycling of the waste products, when ever possible.
- People should be encouraged to use recyclable products instead of plastic or polethene carry bags.
(iv) My family can take up the activity of using the solid waste to produce display items, decoration piceses etc., to reduce the amountable of solid waste generated during a day/week. For examples : A mat or Bathroom mat can be easily made by use of waste news paper or a crate of eggs can be coloured, and some pieces of decorative mirrors can be put on it. It will look a good decorative piece.
Activity 13.4
Survey your neighbourhood to find out :
(1) how many people suffered from acute diseases during the last three months.
(2) how many people developed chronic diseases during this saw period.
(3) and finally, the total number of people suffering from chronic diseases in your neighbourhood.
(i) Are the answers to question (1) and (2) different?
(ii) Are the answers to questions (2) and (3) different?
(iii) What do you think would be the reason for these differences? What do you think would be the effect of these differences on the general health, of population ?
Answer:
(i) Yes, the answer to question (1) and (2) are different.
(ii) Yes, the answers to questions (2) and (3) are different.
(iii) The main reason for these differences is that only a few accute diseases gets converted into the long term chronic diseases. Rest of them are cared within a short time.
In the prespective of general health, if this’ gituatioh continues, the number of people suffering from chronic diseases may increase rapidly. This will render us with diseased population that will actually number the development and growth of country.
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill
Bihar Board Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why do we Fall Ill Additional Important Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What does the word ‘health’ mean?
Answer:
The word health stands for the idea of well being i.e., when we say someone is healthy, it means he can function well physically, mentally and socially.
Question 2.
What do the words ‘poor health’ imply?
Answer:
The words ‘poor health’ imply the state of not well being. It means that the person having poor health is either physically or mentally or socially malfuncting.
Question 3.
Why is food necessary forus ?
Answer:
Food provides the cells and tissues of our body ” with energy and raw materials so as to function properly.
Quuestion 4.
‘Public cleanliness’ is important for individual health ? Example.
Answer:
Throwing garbage in open places, open drain water, stagnant dirty water in small pits, etc. are the major causes of spread of diseases. These are the places where disease causing microorganisms, insect, mosquito, flies, etc. grow and reproduce. These spread diseases in the community, and ultimately affect an individual’s health.
Question 5.
How shall we know that we are ill ?
Answer:
Some special symptoms like dysentery, cough, etc. indicate that we have fallen ill.
Question 6.
How do we pinpoint the diseases ?
Answer:
By getting the laboratory tests done.
Question 7.
What is meant by the term ‘disease’ ?
Answer:
The malfunctioning of body organs due to one of the other reason is called disease. In other words, disease is a type or disorder developing in the body. Disease can be classified mainly into two classes – communicable or infections and non-communicable or non-infections diseases.
Question 8.
Name some airborne diseases ?
Answer:
Cough, pneumonia and tuberculosis are some air-borne diseases.
Question 9.
How do waterborne diseases spread ?
Answer:
When a person infected with a communicable disease comes in contact with drinking water, he releases the pathogen in water making it polluted. When this polluted or infected water is used by a healthy man he ‘ falls sick.
Question 10.
Which of the following is responsible for the spread of AIDS ?
Shaking hands, eat together, sexual contact.
Answer:
Sexual contact.
Question 11.
What are vectors ?
Answer:
The media or organisms which carry the disease causing organisms from an infected person to a healthy person, are called vectors.
Question 12.
Name the vector spreading malaria parasites.
Answer:
Female anopheles mosquito.
Question 13.
Match the following.
(i) Tuberculosis – Liver
(ii) Jaundice – Gut lining
(iii) Typhoid – Lungs
Answer:
(i) Tuberculosis – Lungs.
(ii) Jaundice – Liver
(iii) Typhoid – Gut lining.